THE APPLICATION OF STATISTICAL QUALITY CONTROL TECHNIQUE IN FOOD AND BEVERAGE INDUSTRY

(A CASE STUDY OF HABILA FOOD AND BREVERAGES NIGERIA LTD- KANO)

Presented To

Mechanical Engineering Department

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ABSTRACT

Controlling and improving Quality has become an important business strategy for many

organizations, because a business that can delight customers by improving and controlling

quality can dominate its competitors. Hence, this project work focused on the application of

statistical quality control technique to Habila Food and Beverage Nigeria Limited, in order to

control and improve the quality of their products so as to remain in the competitive market.

To achieve the aim and objectives of this project work, quality control data were collected

through the primary source (i.e. directly from the Quality Control Department of the

company). Thereafter, the respective statistical parameters such as the Means, Ranges,

Standard Deviations, Centre Line Control Limit, (CL), Upper Control Limit (UCL) and

Lower Control Limit (LCL) were developed and analyzed for the company using statistical

approach. The resulting Control Charts was also constructed using the parameters developed

for better understanding and visibility. From the results, it was found that most of the process

data collated and analyzed lies within the designed range of specifications, gives values

implying that the process is capable of producing acceptable product. However, those ones

out of control which are attributed to assignable causes such as lack of personal training, poor

mix, mechanical fault, etc, are to be subjected to process monitoring and evaluation so as to

better their products.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE - -- -- -- -- -- - Error! Bookmark not defined.

DECLARATION - -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -. ii

CERTIFICATION- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- - iii

DEDICATION- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- - iv

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT- -- -- -- -- -- -- -. v

ABSTRACT- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- - vi

TABLE OF CONTENT - -- -- -- -- -- -- -- - vii

LIST OF FIGURES- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- - x

LIST OF TABLES- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- - xi

CHAPTER ONE - -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -.1

INTRODUCTION- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -1

1.1 Background to the Study- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -1

1.2 Statement of the Problem - -- -- -- -- -- -- -3

1.3 The Present Research Study - -- -- -- -- -- -.3

1.4 Aim and Objectives of the Study- -- -- -- -- -- -- -4

1.5 Significance of the Study- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -4

1.6 Scope of the Study - -- -- -- -- -- -4

1.7 Limitation of the Study- -- -- -- -- -- -- -5

1.8 Company Description at a Glance- -- -- -- -- -- -.5

CHAPTER TWO - -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -7

REVIEW LITERATURE- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -7

2.1 Review of Related Literature - -- -- -- -- -- -7

2.2 The Definition and Dimensions of Quality - -- -- -- -- -9

2.2.1 Performance: - -- -- -- -- -- -.9

2.2.2. Reliability- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -9

2.2.3. Durability- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -9

2.2.4. Serviceability - -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -10

2.2.5. Aesthetics- -- -- -- -- -- -- -10

2.2.6. Features - -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -10

2.2.7. Perceived Quality - -- -- -- -- -- -10

2.2.8. Conformance to Standards- -- -- -- -- -- -.10

2.3 Statistical Thinking for Quality - -- -- -- -- -11

2.3.1 Statistical Process Control (SPC) - -- -- -- -- -- -- -12viii

2.3.2. The Importance of SPC- -- -- -- -- -- -12

2.1.1 The Concept of Quality - -- -- -- -- -- -14

2.1.2 Quality Control and Quality Assurance- -- -- -- -15

2.4 The Role of Statistic in Quality - -- -- -- -- -15

2.4.1 The Statistical Quality Control Technique- -- -- -- -- -16

2.4.2 Types of SQC Tools- -- -- -- -- -- -17

2.5 Quality Control Charts- -- -- -- -- -- -- -19

2.5.1 Types of Control Charts with their Applications- -- -- -- -- -21

2.5.2 Control Charts for Variables- -- -- -- -- -- -- -21

2.5.3 Control Charts for Attributes: - -- -- -- -- -- -24

2.6 Distributions of data - -- -- -- -- -- -- -.25

2.7 Types and Causes of Variation in Sqc- -- -- -- -- -26

2.8 Process Capability (PC)- -- -- -- -- -- -- -27

2.8.1 Measuring Process Capability - -- -- -- -- -- -28

2.8.2 Process Capability Index (Cpk)- -- -- -- -- -- -29

CHAPTER THREE- -- -- -- -- -- -- -32

METHODOLOGY - -- -- -- -- -- -- -32

3.1 Preview - -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -.32

3.2 Items Used - -- -- -- -- -- -- -32

3.3 Data Collection- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -32

3.3.1 Data extracted for Can filler Machines from appendix A - -- -- -.32

3.3.2 Data extracted for Bottle filler Machines from appendix B- -- -- -33

3.4 Establishing the Mean, Range and Standard Deviation (S.D) using Excel- -- -- -.34

3.4.1 The Mean, Range and S.D of Can fillers- -- -- -- -- -- -35

3.4.2 Establishing Control Limits, Range and Standard Error for Can filler - -- -- -36

3.4.3 The Mean, Range and S.D of Bottle fillers using excel- -- -- -- -- -37

3.4.4 Establishing Control Limits, Range and Standard Error for Bottle filler- -- -38

3.5 Construction of Control Charts for both Can and Bottle filler- -- -- -- -40

3.5.1 The resulting X-bar Control Chart for Can filler - -- -- -40

3.5.2 The resulting R-Chart Control for Can filler - -- -- -- -- -41

3.5.3 The resulting X-bar Control Chart for Bottle filler- -- -- -- -.42

3.5.4 The resulting R-Chart Control for Bottle filler- -- -- -- -42

3.6 Measuring the Process Capability (Cp) Of the Machine Fillers- -- -- -.43

3.6.1 Determining the process capability for Can Filler:- -- -- -- -43

3.6.2 Determining the process capability for Bottle Filler:- -- -- -44

3.7 Determining the Process Capability Index (Cpk) Of The Machine Fillers- -- -- -- -44ix

3.7.1 Cpk for Can fillers- -- -- -- -- -- -- -44

3.7.2 Cpk for Bottle fillers - -- -- -- -- -- -45

CHAPTER FOUR - -- -- -- -- -- -- -.46

DISCUSSION OF RESULTs- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -46

4.1 Collected Data- -- -- -- -- -- -- -.46

4.2 Analyzing the Established Parameters- -- -- -- -- -- -46

4.3 The Control Charts- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -47

4.4 Analyzing the Process Capability Values- -- -- -- -- -- -48

CHAPTER FIVE - -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -49

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS - -- -- -- -.49

5.1 Summary - -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -49

5.2 Conclusion- -- -- -- -- -- -- -.49

5.3 Recommendations- -- -- -- -- -- -50

REFERENCES- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -51

APPENDICES - -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -54

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📄 Pages: 67 🧠 Words: 6496 📚 Chapters: 5 🗂️️ For: PROJECT

👁️‍🗨️️️ Views: 773

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