ABSTRACT Most forms of rural development have positive bearing on agricultural growth in third world countries. This is because agricultural activities are mostly undertaken in rural areas. In this respect, improving water supply and sanitation in the rural areas is a direct attempt at improving agricultural production in the intended areas. Thus, improved rural water supply and sanitation is expected to lead to an increased agricultural production and standard of living of the rural dwellers. It was against this background that it was necessary to study one such development project established to improve the water supply and sanitation of the rural people of Gwagwalada, Nasarawa and Ningi RUSAFIYA project areas of the Federal Capital Territory, Plateau and Bauchi States respectively. Since no similar study in this areas of development existed, this study serves as an eye opener for future researches. The major aim of this study was to determine the role played by water supply and sanitation project of RUSAFIYA in increasing agricultural production in the study areas. Primary and secondary data were used. The primary data were information gathered from the farmers in the study areas while the secondary data consisted of information obtained from the village clinics. The tools used in analyzing the data collected were the descriptive