The study was designed to find the relationship between academic performance and maternal attachment of six to seven year old children. The sample was randomly selected from Class I of the Ahmadu Bello University Staff School. It consisted of 125 pupils who had been living with their parents and who had the record of their academic performance in the school. The study was carried out through the use of questionnaire which indicated the family background and attachment behaviours of the subjects. Another instrument used was the recorded mean scores from the children's monthly tests. This was computed to give the academic performance scores while the responses on the attachment behaviours were computed to give maternal attachment indices. To find the relationship between the two variables five techniques were used. The raw data were analysed using scattergrams, productmoment correlation coefficient, regression analysis and analysis of variance. But the frequency data were analysed by the use of percentages and chi square technique.The following findings.were made: (a) There was some relationship between maternal attachment and academic performance but the relationship was insignificant. Addition of other family variables showed that ttiese variables influence maternal attachment as well as academic performance, (b) There was negative and significant relationship between number of children in the family and maternal attachment as well as academic performance. (c) Age of mother had a slight and insignificant negative influence on maternal attachment, and thus had a slight negative influence on academic performance, too. (d} it was found that the more highly educated the mother, the more SECUE her attachment to the children and the higher the academic achievement of the children. Considering the findings it was recommended that: (a) Families should reduce emphasis on number of children and have fewer children that can be taken adequate care of. What matters is the quality, not the quantity. That more and more Nigerian women should place education of themselves as a matter of primary importance because it is an enlightened mother that can bring up enlightened children. Enlightened children make an enlightened society and enlightened society is a disciplined society. Adequate education of Nigerian women would go a long way to fight the war against indiscipline. (c) That adolescents be given family education before they start making their own homes. This would help them plan their families in a way to place child bearing at its right time, when the children can enjoy maximum attention from the mother. The suggestion on further research on this topic included a study of a typical Nigerian environment, a study of the relationship between academic performance and other attachments in the family; a study of the relationship between the two variables among younger children.