PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND THE ANTIINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITIES OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF CRATEVA ADANSONII

Inflammation is a complex biological response of
vascular tissue to harmful stimuli such as pathogen,
damage cells or irritants. The urgency generated by in
increased rate of stroke, atheroselerosis attributed to
prolong use of cyclooxygenase-1 and 2 inhibitors have
acceralated anti-inflammatory drug research over the
last decade while synthetic pharmaceutical agents
continued to dominate research, attention increasingly
has been directed to natural products. These are often
more affordable and available and sometimes are
perceived as more effective than conventional antiinflammatory
drugs.
Anti-inflammation was carried out using 11 rats. That
was divided into three groups of four rats each. Group 1
and 2 served as the positive and negative control
respectively. Groups 3 and 4 received 200mg/kg b.w
and 600mg/kg b.w. of the extracts respectively.
However, it was discovered that the stem bark of
crateva Adansonii showed greater significance antiinflammatory
activity when compared with the standard. 

Title page - - - - - - - - i

Certificate page - - - - - - - ii

Dedication - - - - - - - - iii

Acknowledgment - - - - - - - iv

Abstract - - - - - - - - - v

Table of contents - - - - - - - vi

1.1 Types of inflammation - - - - - 2

1.2 Aims and objectives - - -- - - 3

1.3 Rational study - - - - - - - 3

1.4 Taxonomy - - - - - - - 4

1.5 Physical description of crateva adansonii - 5

1.6 Distribution - - - - - - - 6

1.7 Cultivation - - - - - - - 6

1.8 Uses of crateva adansonii - - - - 7

1.9 Sources - - - - - - - - 7

2.1 types of inflammation - - - - - 8

2.2 Events in acute inflammation - - - 22

2.3 Increased blood flow and from - - - 26

2.4 Chemotaxis - - - - - - - 26

2.5 Eosinophils - - - - - - - 27

2.6 Benefit of inflammation - - - - - 29

2.7 Anti-inflammation agents - - - - 30

2.8 Steroids - - - - - - - - 30

2.9 Non-steroidal anti-inflammation drugs (NSAIDS) 31

2.10 Immune Selective Anti-Inflammatory Derivatives (IMSAID) - - - - - - 33

2.11 Anti inflammatory diet - - - - 34

2.12 Natural anti-inflammatory supplements - 36

2.13 Benefits of non-sterodial anti- inflammatory 38

2.14 Mediators of information - - - - -39

2.15 Cytokines - - - - - - - 41

2.16 Histamine - - - - - - - 42

2.17 Arachidonic acid - - - - - - 42

2.18 Nitric oxide - - - - - - - 45

3.1 Materials - - - - - - - - 47

3.2 Methodology - - - - - - - 49

3.4 Column chromatography - - - - 50

3.5 Phytochemical analysis of the extract - - 58

3.6 Thin layer chromatograophy (TLC) - - 62

3.7 Anti-inflammatory activity test - - - 63

3.8 Thin layer chromatography (TLC) - - - 65

4.1 The effect of methanol fraction of methanol

 extract of crateva adansonii ion acute inflammation of rat paw. 67

4.2 Phytochemical analysis of extract - - - -68

4.3 Phytochemical analysis of dichloromethane fraction 69

5.1 Discussion - - - - - - - -70

5.2 Conclusion - - - - - - - -71