COMPARING THE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE MADE WITH SAND AS FINE AGGREGATE AND WITH CHIPPING DUST AS FINE AGGREGATE

ABSTRACT

Common river sand is expensive due to excessive cost of transportation from
natural sources. Also large-scale depletion of these sources creates
environmental problems. As environmental transportation and other
constraints make the availability and use of river sand less attractive, a
substitute or replacement product for concrete industry needs to be found.
River sand is most commonly used fine aggregate in the production of
concrete poses the problem of acute shortage in many areas. Whose continued
use has started posing serious problems with respect to its availability,
cost and environmental impact. In such a situation the Quarry rock dust can
be an economic alternative to the river sand. Quarry Rock Dust can be
defined as residue, tailing or other non-voluble waste material after the
extraction and processing of rocks to form fine particles less than 4.75mm.
Usually, Quarry Rock Dust is used in large scale in the highways as a
surface finishing material and also used for manufacturing of hollow blocks
and lightweight concrete prefabricated Elements. Use of Quarry rock dust as
a fine aggregate in concrete draws serious attention of researchers and
investigators. This paper presents the feasibility of the usage of Quarry
Rock Dust as hundred percent substitutes for Natural Sand in concrete.
Tests were conducted on cubes to study the strength of concrete made of
Quarry Rock Dust and the results were compared with the Natural Sand
Concrete. An attempt has also been made to durability studies on Quarry
Rock Dust when compared with the Natural Sand concrete. It is found that
the compressive, flexural strength and Durability Studies of concrete made
of Quarry Rock Dust are nearly 10% more than the conventional concrete.

TABLE OF CONTENT

Title page i

Approval page ii

Dedication iii

Acknowledgement iv

Abstract v

Table of content vi

CHAPTER ONE

Introduction 1

1.1 Background of the study 1

1.2 Scope of study 3

1.3 Statement of problem 3

1.4 Objective of the study 3

1.5 Significant of study 4

CHAPTER TWO

Literature review 5

2.1 Concrete definition and historical development 5

2.2 Concrete as a structural material 16

2.3 Characteristics of concrete 21

2.4 Types of concrete 24

2.5 Factors influence concrete properties 27

2.6 Cement content 28

2.7 Manufactured fine aggregates 29

2.8 Characteristics of manufacture fine aggregates 30

2.9 History of the origin of cement 31

CHAPTER THREE

Materials and methodology 37

3.1 Concrete 37

3.2 Cement 37

3.3 Fine aggregate 38

3.4 Quarry rock dust 39

3.5 Curing 40

3.6 Water 40

3.7 Water for curing and washing 41

3.8 Definition of workability 42

3.9 Measuring of workability 44

3.10 Slump test 45

3.11 Procedure for slump test 45

3.12 Comprehensive strength test 46

3.13 Specific gravity test 47

3.13.1 Specific gravity test 47

3.14 Procedure to determine water absorption aggregate 51

3.15 Concrete curing 52

3.15.1 Reason for curing concrete 52

CHAPTER FOUR

Presentation of data analysis 59

(LIST OF TABLES)

Table 4.1 Quarry dust (actual value) 58

Table 4.2 Quarry dust (control values) 58

Table 4.3 Rivers sand (actual value) 60

Table 4.4 Rivers sand (control value) 60

Table 4.5 density of concrete quarry dust 63

Table 4.6 Quarry dust control 63

Table 4.7 Rives sand actual 64

Table 4.8 Rivers sand control 65

Table 4.9 Slump test result (River sand) actual value 65

Table 4.10 slump test value (Rivers sand) control value 66

Table 4.11 Slump value (Quarry dust) actual value 66

Table 4.12 slum test value (Quarry dust)control value 66

Table 4.13 Density and specific gravity of the fine aggregates 67

Table 4.14 Specific gravity ad water absorption of coarse aggregate 67

Table 4.15 Sieve analysis result (River sand) 68

Table 4.16. Sieve analysis result (Quarry Dust) 69

CHAPTER FIVE

Recommendation and conclusion 70

5.1 Discussion 70

5.2 Conclusion 71

5.3 Recommendation 71

References 72