The research title "A Comparative Study of the Instructional Methods of islamic Education from the prophetic period to the Khulafa'u Rashidun and that of Contemporary Nigeria (1950 to Date)is an inquiry to find out how Islamic Education was developed and methods of instruction during the time of the Prophet (SAW), the time of Khulafau Rashidun (Righteous Caliphs), and that of contemporary Nigeria particularly the Islamic Traditional Education and Integrated Islamic Education in Secondary Schools. The researcher took a look on some issues such as Islamic concept of education, aims/objectives of Islamic Traditional education from the views of some Islamic scholars, Islamic education dining the life lime of the prophet has been divided into Makkah and Medinah periods, Islamic education during the periods of the righteous Caliphs, and that of Contemporary Nigeria were discussed. Importance of Islamic Instructional materials which aid or make teaching/learning more effective and examples of such instructional materials were mentioned and discussed, pointing out the devices for using them. financial status of Islamic teachers during the prophetic period, Khulafau Rashidun (Righteous Caliphs) and that of contemporary Nigeria was also outlined in the research. The research is more historical in nature, data were collected from available books and materials written on Islamic education by respected Islamic scholars using opportunity techniques which is a non-probability sampling techniques. After going through the available materials the researcher found out that the curriculum of Islamic education during the time of Khulafau Rashidun (Righteous Caliphs) was almost the same as the Prophets' lime while a lot of changes were brought into Islamic education at the contemporary Nigeria.. Comparison of some issues of the both periods were made. The researcher made some recommendations which, hopefully would be of good benefit to Muslim Ummah (Community).