This study is on the Preservation and Conservation of Records in National Archives and National Museum, Kaduna. The study formulated five research questions. A qualitative research methodology using the case study approach was adopted. An Interview guide, focus groups and observations were the instruments used to collect data. The target population of the study comprised the Management and preservation staff of the National Archives and National Museum, Kaduna. 22 respondents purposively sampled and data were collected, analyzed and interpreted descriptively, using tables. The findings showed that both the National Archives and the National Museum in Kaduna preserved records such as government documents, gazettes, Newspapers, historical documents, private collections, scholarly journals, photographs, maps, reports, atlases, documents attached to artifacts etc. However, most of these records both print and non-print were affected by dust and particulate matters, high temperature, air pollution, bad storage, overcrowdness, wear and tear due to excessive photocopying, oxidation and excessive light. Though the finding revealed that some measures were taken to curtail the deterioration, but this was not enough as some of the records continue to deteriorate. Also, direct observation revealed that the written preservation policy could not be reached as at the time of collecting data for the study. At the National Museum, it was discovered that the preservation policy mostly caters for their artifacts and therefore give little room for records preservation. The study therefore, concludes that the preservation and conservation activities in both the National Archives and the National Museum were not fully and appropriately carried out. In view of this a number of recommendations were made, some of which are: the use of air conditioning for 24 hours in the storage rooms and to ensure regular and frequent repairs, cleaning and dusting of the environments, Both institutions should fully engage in electronic preservation in order to meet up with the required standard of service in the 21st century and they should also exploit other sources of funding through advocacy, solicitation, endowment, consultancy, organizing seminars and workshops etc.