THE EFFECT OF PTEROCARPUS MILDBREADII SEED ON PLASMA HDL CHOLESTEROL OF ALBINO RAT

This work was carried out to investigate the effects of pterocarpus mildbreadii
seed on the HDL- level of albino rats.High density lipoprotein(HDL) is a fraction
of cholesterol,which helps to transport cholesterol from peripheral of cell to
the liver.High density lipoprotein is carried out to investigate cardio vascular
diseases.Fresh oha seed (pterocarpus mildbreadii seed) was collected from
Amokwe in udi local government Area Enugu state. They were dried at room
temperature for about a month in an open laboratory space, groud into coarse
form and weighed on an electrical weighing balance. 3% tween-80 was
prepared by dissolving 3% tween -80 in 97ml of distilled water. The grounded
pterocarpus mildbreadii was dissolve in the 3% tween-80.A total of sixteen
wistar abino rats used for this analysis. The rats were divided into 4(four)
groups. Group 1contain 4 rats and received 0.5 each of 3% tween-80. Group 2
contain 5 rats and were administered with 1400mg/kg b.w of pteridocarpus
mildreadii solution Group 3 contain 3 rats and were administered with
2600mg/kg. b.w of pteridocarpus mildbreadii solution. Group 4 contain 4 rats
and were administered with 500mg/kg. b.w. of Edmard MRT complex.

Tittle page---------------------------------- i

Certification --------------------------------. ii

Dedication---------------------------------. iii

Acknowledgement----------------------------- iv

Abstract----------------------------------- v

Table of content------------------------------ vi

TABLE OF CONTENT

1.0 Introduction------------------------------. 1

2.0 Literature review-------------------------- 3

2.1 lipids---------------------------------- 4

2.2 Classification of lipids-------------------.----- 4

2.3 Triglycerides---------------------.--------. 6

2.4 Waxes---------------------------------. 8

2.5 Phospholipid----------------------------.- 8

2.6 Fatty acids--------------------------- 8

2.7 Types of fatty acids----------------------- 9

2.8 Unsaturated fatty acids--------------------- 10

2.9 Essential fatty acids----------------------- 11

2.10 Steroids----------------------------- 11

2.11 Cholesterol---.------------------------ 12

2.12 Dietary source & effect of Cholesterol------------ 15

2.13 Functions of Cholesterol in the body------------- 17

2.14 lipoprotein metabolism-------------------- 19

2.15 very low density lipoprotein (VLDL)------------- 19

2.16 low density lipoprotein-------------------- 20

2.17 Function of LDL------------------------- 21

2.18 High density lipoprotein (HDL)--------------- 21

2.19 Clinical significance---------------------- 22

2.20 Fat soluble vitamin---------------------- 23

2.21 Vitamin A--------------------------- 24

2.22 Vitamin D--------------------------- 25

2.23 Vitamin E---------------------------- 26

2.24 Vitamin K-----------------------------. 27

2 .25 lipid storage in plants--------------------- 27

2.26 lipid Body structure---------------------- 27

2.27 Unusual fatty acids in seed triacylglycerol--------- 28

2.28 PProperties of lipids------------------------ 29

2.29 Physical properties---------------------- 30

2.30 Chemical properties---------------------- 31

2.31 Rancidity---------------------------- 32

2.32 Roles of lipids------------------------- 32

2.32 Structure--------------------------- 33

2.34 Insulation--------------------------- 33

2.35 Nerve function------------------------- 33

2.36 Energy source-------------------------- 34

2.37 Uses of oha seed (pterocarpus mildbreadii)--------.- 34

3.0 Material----------------------------- 35

3.1 Plant seed --------------------------. - . 35

3.2 Animals------------------------------- 35

3.3 Equipments----------------------------- 36

4.1 Cholesterol activity------------------------ 40

5.0 Discussion and conclusion----------------.--. 41

5.1 Discusion------------------------------ 41

5.2 Conclusion----------------------------. 41